how to assemble a pc computer ???

Got hold of your favorite components but pondering over how to assemble/install them to get your monster rig up? Do not worry, this guide will help you begin from scratch and give step by step instructions so that you can get your new PC up and running in a short amount of time. So here we go!

Things to get in place before starting:

• Anti-static wrist strap
• Set of screwdrivers and pliers
• Piece of cloth
• CPU Thermal compound (recommended)
• PC components

Tip: CPU Thermal compound is not a necessity but it is recommended to keep your CPU cool under load conditions by helping heat dissipate faster. It is a must if you intend to overclock your PC.
Note: You can find the meaning of an abbreviation at the end of this article under the heading Jargon Buster.

Step 1: Installing the motherboard

Make sure you have all the components in place and a nice, clean and big enough place to work with.
Put your antic-static wrist strap on to prevent your components from getting affected. Make sure your hands are clean before starting. First we will be installing the motherboard which is a piece of cake to install.

• Open the side doors of the cabinet
• Lay the cabinet on its side
• Put the motherboard in place
• Drive in all the required screws

Tip: Most motherboards come with an antistatic bag. It is advisable to put the motherboard on it for some time and then remove it from the antistatic bag before placing it in the cabinet.

Step 2: Installing the CPU

CPU is the heart of a computer so make sure you handle it properly and do not drop it or mishandle it. Also try not to touch the pins frequently so that they do not get dirty. Get hold of your motherboard and CPU manual. You need to place the CPU on the dotted white patch of the motherboard in a particular fashion for it to fit properly. There is a golden mark on the CPU to help you assist. Consult both your motherboard and CPU manual to see which position it fits exactly or you could also use try all the 4 positions.

• Lift the CPU lever on the motherboard
• Place the CPU properly on the motherboard
• Pull down the lever to secure the CPU in place

Warning: Do not try to push the CPU into the motherboard!
Got the thermal compound? Now is the time to use it. Take small amount of it and carefully apply it on the top surface of the processor. Be careful not to put it on the neighboring parts of the motherboard. If you do so clean it immediately using the cloth.
Tip: Thermal compounds should be changed once every six months for optimal performance.

Step 3: Installing the heat sink

After installing the processor we proceed to installing the heat sink. There are different kinds of heat sinks that are bundled with the processor and each has a different way of installation. Look into your CPU manual for instructions on how to install it properly.

• Place the heat sink on the processor
• Put the jacks in place
• Secure the heat sink with the lever

After this you will need to connect the cable of the heat sink on the motherboard. Again look into the motherboard manual on where to connect it and then connect it to the right port to get your heat sink in operational mode.

Step 4: Installing the RAM

Installing the RAM is also an easy job. The newer RAMs ie. DDR RAMs are easy to install as you don’t have to worry about placing which side where into the slot. The older ones, SDRAMs are plagued by this problem.
If you want to use dual channel configuration then consult your manual on which slots to use to achieve that result.

• Push down the RAM into the slot
• Make sure the both the clips hold the RAM properly

Step 5: Installing the power supply

We will now install the power supply as the components we install after this will require power cables to be connected to them. There is not much to be done to install a PSU.

• Place the PSU into the cabinet
• Put the screws in place tightly

Tip: Some PSU have extra accessories that come bundled with it. Consult your PSU manual to see how to install them.

Step 6: Installing the video card

First you will need to find out whether your video card is AGP or PCI-E. AGP graphics cards have become redundant and are being phased out of the market quickly. So if you bought a spanking new card it will certainly be a PCI-E.

• Remove the back plate on the cabinet corresponding to the graphics card
• Push the card into the slot
• Secure the card with a screw
• Plug in the power connection from PSU (if required)

High-end graphics cards need dedicated power supply and if your graphics card needs one then connect the appropriate wire from PSU into the graphics card.

Step 7: Installing the hard disk

Hard disk is another fragile component of the computer and needs to handled carefully.

• Place the hard drive into the bay
• Secure the drive with screws
• Connect the power cable from PSU
• Connect the data cable from motherboard into the drive

If your hard drive is a SATA one then connect one end of SATA cable into the motherboard and other into the SATA port on the hard disk. If your hard disk is PATA type then use the IDE cable instead of the SATA cable.
Tip: If your PSU does not support SATA power supply then you will need to get an converter which will convert your standard IDE power connector to a SATA power connector.

Step 8: Installing optical drive

The installation an optical drive is exactly similar to an hard drive.

• Place the optical drive into the bay
• Drive in the screws
• Connect the power cable and data cable

Tip: When installing multiple optical drives take care of jumper settings. Make sure you make one as primary and other slave by using the jumper. This is not applicable if the drives are SATA drives.

Step 9: Connecting various cables

First we will finish setting up internal components and then get on to the external ones. You will need to consult your motherboard manual for finding the appropriate port for connecting various cables at the right places on the motherboard.

• Connect the large ATX power connector to the power supply port on your motherboard
• Next get hold of the smaller square power connector which supplies power to the processor and connect it to the appropriate port by taking help from your motherboard manual
• Connect the cabinet cables for power,reset button in the appropriate port of the motherboard
• Connect the front USB/audio panel cable in the motherboard
• Plug the cable of cabinet fans

You are done with installing the internal components of the PC. Close the side doors of the cabinet and get it upright and place it on your computer table. Get the rest of the PC components like monitor, keyboard, mouse, speakers etc. which we will connect now.

• Connect the VGA cable of the monitor into the VGA port
• If mouse/keyboard are PS/2 then connect them to PS/2 ports or else use the USB port
• Connect the speaker cable in the audio port
• Plug in the power cable from PSU into the UPS
• Also plug in the power cable of the monitor

You are now done with setting up your PC. Power on and see your rig boot to glory.

Step 10: Installing the OS and drivers

We are done with the hardware part. Now get your favorite OS disks ready and the CD that came with your motherboard.

• Set the first boot device to CD/DVD drive in BIOS
• Pop in the OS disk
• Reboot the PC
• Install the OS
• Install drivers from motherboard CD (applicable only to Windows OS)

Voila! You have your PC up and running. Enjoy your journey with your self assembled rig!

Jargon Buster

• CPU – Central Processing Unit
• RAM – Random Memory Access
• DDR -Double Data Rate
• SDRAM – Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
• PSU -Power Supply Unit
• AGP – Accelerated Graphics Port
• PCI-E – Peripheral Component Interconnect- Express
• SATA – Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
• PATA -Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment
• IDE – Integrated Drive Electronics
• ATX – Advanced Technology Extended
• USB – Universal System Bus
• VGA – Video Graphics Array
• PS/2 – Personal System/2
• OS – Operating System

Find Windows XP Product Key From Your Installation CD ........

Here are the simple steps you need to perform in order to get your Product Key from theinstallation CD.

(Note: This may only work for certain OEM CDs, if it does not work for you, you can check out our earlier post on how you can find your Windows XP Product key.)

1. Insert the Installation CD into your CD / Drive Drive.
2. Explore the CD and navigate to the i386 folder.
3. Open the file UNATTEND.txt and scroll down to the last line.
4. You will find your Windows XP Product key there.

We were able to find the CD key on a Windows XP Corporate Edition installation CD and would love to know if you were able to find it on your own installation CDs. Do let us know through your comments on how it went for you.

Installing SATA Hard Drive With Win XP Through NLITE........

Options:
A) If you don't have Floppy Disk Drive especially on a notebook. You still can install Win Xp but you need to read the "Slipstreaming SATA driver into WinXp boot cd using nLite".
B) If you have FD drive, skip this step and go to "Shrink Vista Partition for WinXp Installation".
C) If you have an empty partition for WinXp installation, proceed to "WinXp Installation"


Materials needed:
1) nLite(download here), a free tool to help you slipstreaming(integrate) your SATA drivers into WinXp installation disk.
2) Extracted SATA drivers(if you are using Intel chipset Intel 82801GR/GH, 631xESB/632xESB, 82801GHM, ICH8R/ICH9R, 82801HEM SATA RAID Controller, get the drivers from here)


Steps:
1) Get your Windows XP installation disk and copy the contents to a new folder(I named it "WinXp").

2) Extract the SATA drivers you downloaded into a folder, namely "Floppy 32Bit". (Need help for "Extracting SATA driver from their EXE without Floppy Disk(FD)")

3) Run nLite->choose "Next".


4) Now, locate the Windows folder(for me, it's "WinXp").


5) Next again and you will come to "Presets". Ignore this by choosing "Next" again.


6) In "Task Selection", choose "Drivers" and "Bootable ISO" by high-lighting them.


7) Choose "Insert"->"Single driver"


8) Browse to the SATA driver folder(I named it "Floppy 32Bit") and select either one of the .INF file, I choose "iaahci.inf".


9) A screen like below will pop-up, make sure it's "Textmode driver" and select all of them by holding CTRL+A key and choose "OK"


10) You shall see something like this. Choose "Next" and you will be prompted.


11) Choose "Yes" to start the process.


12) Let it finish and choose "Next".


13) Finally, you can create your project as ISO image or burn it directly to CD-R under "Mode". I choose "Direct Burn". You can put anything for "Label" but not too long. Choose "Burn" and you will be prompted again.


14) Choose "Yes" to burn it to CD-R. Wait for it to finish and choose "Next"


15) Choose "Finish" to exit nLite.



Proceed to?
A) Go to "Shrink Vista Partition for WinXp Installation" if you don't have any partition to use.
B) If you have an empty partition for WinXp installation, proceed to "WinXp Installation

Crack Bios Password...............

Forgot BIOS Password ?

Do the following :

1. Open the CPU
2. Now, observe the motherboard.
3. You notice a coin like silver Battery(3V).

----------------------------------------- NOTE ---------------------------------
This battery is 24 x 7 power supply for the BIOS, which is used to run the system clock will the main power is off. It also initiates the booting process when power is switched on.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4. Remove the battery from the motherboard.
(It is safe to remove the Battery)
5. Wait 30 seconds and place the battery back on the motherboard.
6. Now, when you start your system you won't be prompted for the BIOS password.

How To Speed Up Your Windows XP By Disabling File Indexing ???

File indexing is a Windows service that like many others, is totally useless – unless you do a lot of searching on your computer. As most users don’t, it’s a good idea to disable it to speed up actions like opening and closing files and folders on your Windows XP.
To disable the Indexing Service:
Go to “My Computer” and right click on your hard drive. At the bottom of the window that opens, you should see a check box titled “Allow Indexing Service to index the disk for fast file searching.”  Uncheck it.
Press OK and you’re done! Your computer should be a little faster after a restart.

Install Windows xp Very Fast..............

Now, this tip will be very helpful for those who frequently install windows xp operating system. Normally OS installation takes around 40 minutes to complete, but through this trick you can now save 10-15 minutes. This simple tricks goes this way.
1. Boot through Windows XP CD.

2. After all the files are completely loaded, you get the option to select the partition. Select “c”.
3. Now Format the partition, whether it is normal or quick with NTFS or FAT
4. Once the formatting is completed, All the setup files required for installation are copied. Restart your system by pressing Enter.
Now, here begins the Simple trick to save 10-15 minutes.
5. After rebooting, you get a screen where it takes 40 minutes to complete or finalize the OS installation.
6. Now, Press SHIFT + F10 Key ->  This opens command prompt.
7. Enter “Taskmgr” at the command prompt window. This will open Task Manager.
8. Click the Process Tab, here we find a process called Setup.exe -> Right Click on Setup.exe -> Set Priority -> Select High or Above Normal. Initially it will be Normal.
Thats it, no more work to do. Relax your self and see how fast the installation process completes

Change Font of Nokia Mobile......

Changing  fonts on nokia Symbian phone is a very easy task.It only takes 2-5 minutes.There are various tips and tricks available to change your font on nokia phones but we are providing you the easiest methods with proper screenshots so that you donot face any problems while using these font changing tips and tricks.These tricks have been tested on nokia n95,5800,n73 and should be compatible with all other nokia symbian phones.Some sample fonts are also provided in this tutorial along with their screenshot.You can also use your own fonts.So, lets start the step by step tutorial for changing the font of your nokia mobile phone.

1.     If you want to use your custom font in your nokia mobile then create a new folder in your computer desktop and name it as “fonts “.
2.     Now goto c:/windows/fonts in your computer and copy the font you want to use .
3.     Paste this font in the fonts folder created on the desktop.
4.     Now make three more copies of this font in the same folder.You can right click on the font and click on copy.Now again right click in blank space in fonts folder.
5.     Click on paste.Do this step three times.Now you will have in total four files in your fonts folder.As shown below

6.     Now install Y-Browser in your phone.It is easily available for download on Internet.
7.     Open your Y-browser and goto    “z:/resource/fonts “ and read the names of the fonts.
8.     Rename the name of the font files in your fonts folder on the desktop same as the name of the font files in “z:/resource/fonts “ in your nokia phone.

9.     Now connect you nokia phone to your computer using usb.
10.  Select “data storage/file transfer “ mode and open your memory card in computer.Go to resources folder
11.  Copy and Paste the fonts folder from desktop to the resources folder.
12.   Disconnect your phone and restart it.
13.   Your new font will be installed.
Now If you want to revert back to original Font settings of your phone just delete the fonts folder in your memory card and restart your phone.Now here are some sample fonts with their screenshots and download links.


Download! Download!
Here is a complete list of nokia phones that it might support5320 XpressMusic

6210 Navigator
6220 classic
6650
N78
N96
= = = = = = = =
** S60 3rd Edition, Feature Pack 1 **
(OS v9.2)
5700 XpressMusic
6110 Navigator
6120 classic
6121 classic
6124 classic
6290
E71 (320×240)
E66
E51
E90 Communicator (800×352)
N76
N81
N81 8GB
N82
N95
N95 8GB
N95-3 NAM
= = = = = = = =
** S60 3rd Edition (initial release) **
(OS v9.1)
3250 (176×208)
5500 Sport (208×208)
E61 (320×240)
E61i (320×240)
E62 (320×240)
E50
E65
N71
N73
N77
N91 8GB (176×208)
N92
N93
N93i
E60 (352×416)
E70 (352×416)
N80 (352×416)
= = = = = = = =
** S60 3rd Edition **
(OS v9.1)
N75
N91 (176×208)
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
[*[*[*[ S60 2nd Edition ]*]*]*]
176×208 resolution
= = = = = = = =
** S60 2nd Edition, Feature Pack 3 **
(OS v8.1a)
N70
N72
N90 (352×416)
= = = = = = = =
** S60 2nd Edition, Feature Pack 2 **
(OS v8.0a)
6630
6680
6681
6682
= = = = = = = =
** S60 2nd Edition, Feature Pack 1 **
(OS v7.0s)
3230
6260
6620
6670
7610
= = = = = = = =
** S60 2nd Edition (initial release) **
(OS v7.0s)
6600
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
[*[*[*[ S60 1st Edition ]*]*]*]
176×208 resolution
(OS v6.1)
3600
3650
3660
3620
7650
N-Gage
N-Gage QD
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
[* [* [* [ S80 Devices ] *] *] *]
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
[*[*[*[ S80 2nd Edition ]*]*]*]
(OS v7.0s)
9300i (640×200)
9300 (640×200)
9500 (640×200)
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
Other Series
sometimes call S90 (in fact no S90 of Developer Platform)
(OS v7.0s)
7710 (640×320)
(OS v6.0)
9210c Communicator (640×220)
9210i Communicator (640×220)
9290 Communicator (640×220)
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

How To Check All Email Accounts From Gmail ???

Gmail was officially announced by google on 1 april 2004 i.e on the april fool’s day.It is more popular then one of the oldest Email service provider AOL.
Gmail has been popular amongst users because it provides almost unlimited storage capacity for emails and also due to its good spam filter.Now a days everybody has more than one Email accounts.I personally have 10+  email accounts of yahoo,Gmail,Hotmail,Aol and it is difficult to manage all of them.So now I have configured all of them to my Gmail account and now I can check and send email’s of all email accounts from my single Gmail account and it had really made my life easy.
You can configure 5 email accounts from any email service provider like Gmail,yahoo,Aol,hotmail etc to your Gmail account.
Here is the step by step tutorial with screenshots on How To Check All Email Accounts From Gmail

1. Login into your Gmail account that you want to use as a master email account.
2. Click on Settings option present at the top (near signout)

3. Now click on Accounts or Accounts and Import (whichever is present)

• If Accounts option was available then you will see option Add another email account in front of Get mail from other accounts click on it .

• Now you will get a little popup window and you have to enter your email account and password of the other account and the rest of the options will be configured automatically.

• If Accounts and Import option was available then you will see option Check mail using POP3 click on Add POP3 Email Account .
• Now will get a little popup window and you have to enter your email account and password of the other account and the rest of the options will be configured automatically.

Now Gmail will automatically check the accounts at specific interval of time and forward all the emails from your other email accounts to your master Gmail accounts and that,s it.It is a Great way to manage all your email accounts easily.

Hide Folders in Nokia / Java phones without software..............

Have you ever wanted to hide folders in your phone? If yes,there here is very interesting solution for you to hide folders in your phone without the need of any software.This trick can be used for phone from Nokia,Samsung,Motorola,LG or any other company.The only requirement is that your phone should support java which almost all mobile phones support now .
So,If your phone support java then here is the Trick Hide Folders in Nokia / Java phones without software

1. Create any new folder or you can use any existing folder that is to be hidden.
2. Rename the folder to any name but with the extension of .jad like if I want to hide my images folder then I will name it as images.jad
3. Now create a new folder with the same name in the same directory but with the extension of .jar So, I would create the folder with the name images.jar
4. And thats it!! My orignal images folder which has been renamed with .jad gets hidden and only folder with.jar extension is visible which is empty.So,my data is protected/hidden from unwanted eyes.

Now ,we have to learn how to open these hidden folders.So here is the trick to open these hidden folders in Mobile phones
To unhide the orignal folder you have to remove the .jar extension from the new folder and your orignal folder with all the files and with .jad will become visible.
AS SIMPLE AS THAT!!

How To Download Facebook or Youtube Videos Without Any Tools ???

Have you ever liked a video shared by your friend on facebook and wanted to download it…Well this this tutorial is not only for facebook or youtube instead it can be used for any video streaming website like metacafe,dailymotion,veoh or yahoo videos.There are websites on the internet that will convert your video link into a download link but it has the following drawback

• If you already watched the whole video and then you decide to download it to your computer it will take double time becuase you already have spent time watching it and now have to spend time downloading it to your hardrive.
• Moreover, the download speeds are very slow and its very irritating to download the whole video again.

But if you have already played the whole video on the site then there is no need to waste the time on downloading it again.We simply have to locate the cache folder of the browser as when the video is streamed it is automatically saved in the cache folder and just have to copy paste the video file from cache folder to your desired location in your computer.
Before reading this tutorial make sure that you have uncheck the hide files and folders box.If you dont know how to unhide files and folders Click Here
Here is the step by step tutorial with screenshots on how you can locate the cache folder for various browsers in various operating systems

Case 1:Google Chrome
For windows Vista and Windows 7
If you use google chrome in windows vista or windows 7 then here is the location of the cache folder
C:\Users\USER_NAME\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\UserData\Default\Cache
C, being the system root. If you are not sure about the system root you can replace C: with %systemroot%.
Also donot forget to replace USER_NAME to your windows username
For Windows Xp Users
In windows Xp the google chrome cache folder can be found at
C:\Documents and Settings\USER_NAME\Local Settings\Application Data\Google\Chrome
CASE 2:Mozilla Firefox
For Windows 7 and Windows Vista
The temporary cache folder can be located at
C:\Users\USER_NAME \AppData\Roaming\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles
For Window Xp Users
The temporary cache folder can be located at
C:\Documents and Settings\USER_NAME \Local Settings\Application Data
CASE 3:Internet Explorer
In case of Internet Explorer you need to go to Tools>Internet Options and then in Genreal tab click on Settings button

A new window will popup in front of you now click on View Files button.

How To Find Your Video In Cache Folder
Once you have found the cache folder of your browser the next thing you have to do is locate your video file.To do this arrange the files of the folder according to their size because video files are usually large in size.Open the largest files with Vlc player.Once you have found your video just copy it to your desired location.
Note:There are usually Some data files with names like data_1 in cache folder.Donot open them with Vlc open the rest of the files with Vlc and you will easily find your video.
Note:Make sure that you replace the USER_NAME with your windows username in the above addresses

Recover Deleted Data Using FreeUndelete Software.........

Many times it happens that we accidently delete some important data from our computer.In such cases data recovery softwares are very helpful but most of them are paid softwares.There are only few Free data recovery softwares available on the the internet and one of them is freeundelete.The other one is Recuva on which I have already written a post.
Before you use FreeUndelete or Recuva software I advise you not to transfer any data to that particular drive from which you have to recover data as it can reduce your chances of data recovery.
Now In post I will give you download link for the Freeundelete software and also highlight some of its main features.
Filesystems that are supported by freeundelete Software are:

• NTFS 1.0 and 2.0 (Filesystems of windows NT,Xp,Vista,2000 and Windows 7)
• FAT 12,FAT 16,FAT 32 (Windows 98)

Where are the recovered files stored?
The recovered files will be stored at the user specified destination



Click Here To Download freeundelete Data recovery Software

How to call your friends with their own number ?

call your friends with their own number
This is a very simple and cool trick by which you can call your friend with their number.You can confuse your and shock your friends.This trick is just free without of any cost
Mobile hack to call your friends:
Follow the following steps

1. Go to http://www.mobivox.com/ and register there for free account.

2. During registration, remember to insert Victim mobile number in “Phone number” field as shown below.

3. Complete registration and confirm your email id and then login to your account. Click on “Direct WebCall”.

4. You will arrive at page shown below. In “Enter a number” box, select your country and also any mobile number(you can enter yours).
Now, simply hit on “Call Now” button to call your friend with his own number.
Enjoy playing with your friends .

How to Sign Out Gmail Accounts Remotely ???

Gmail is one of the widely use email service.There are lot of features in gmail. There is a security feature for gmail known as remote logout. Many of use more than one computers to login to gmail account. Some times we often leave the browser opened & not being logged out of gmail or we are in cyber cafe and any power cut or computer faliure occurs and  if the computer is at office or any public place your account may be hacked or misused by someone else.

But there is a method by which you can l;og out from your gmail account remotely.

Open you gmail account and go to bottom of the page ,there you will see something as shown below..
 

gmail-remote-logout

Now you can click on “Details”  which shows you a pop-up having details about your last
sessions.Click on “Sign out all other sessions” to sign out of gmail at all other places exept the current.
By this simple feature you can check that your gmail account is hacked or not.

How to check china mobile IMEI number valid or origionl ???

1.Press *#06# on your mobile handset and note down the 15 digit IMEI number

2.Compose a new message from your mobile >> Type your 15 digit IMEI number >> Send it to 53232

3.If you get “Success” as the reply, then your mobile IMEI number is valid

4.If you get “Invalid IMEI” as the reply, that means your IMEI number is not valid

5.You are now done.

This will help you to know that your imei number is valid or not

Hide Drives for security & Privacy...........

This is a great trick you can play on your friends. To disable the display of local or networked drives when you click My Computer.

1.Go to start->run.Type regedit.Now go to:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer

Now in the right pane
create a new DWORD item and name it NoDrives (it is case sensitive).
Now modify it's value and set it to 3FFFFFF (Hexadecimal) .
Now restart your computer.
So, now when you click on My Computer, no drives will be shown(all gone...).

To enable display of drives in My Computer, simply delete this DWORD item that you created.Again restart your computer.You can now see all the drives again.

Remove thumbs.db........

Thumb.db is a cache of the current picture in any directory that contains Picture files for example: .jpeg. To remove it ,navigate to:

1> open "WINDOWS EXPLORER".

2>go to "TOOLS".

3>open "FOLDER OPTIONS".

4>go to "VIEW".

5>see 1st section "FILES & FOLDERS".

6>click on the "DO NOT CACHE THUMBNAILS".

Now the thumbnail file will be removed from your computer once u do this the file will be never created.

Create New Library in Win 7...................

1. Open Windows Explorer by clicking the yellow folder in the taskbar or Documents, Picture, and Music in the Start menu.
   
2. Right-click Libraries in the left sidebar of Windows Explorer, point at New, and then select Library.
3. A new Library named New Library will be created.  Give the new Library a name by typing the new name while New Library is highlighted.
4. Select the new Library in the sidebar or double click it in the main area and then click Include a folder to include its first folder.

1. Browse to the folder you want to include in the Library and then click Include folder.

List of cmd and run............

start->run->cmd->shutdown


compmgmt.msc - Computer management
devmgmt.msc - Device manager
diskmgmt.msc - Disk management
dfrg.msc - Disk defrag
eventvwr.msc - Event viewer
fsmgmt.msc - Shared folders
gpedit.msc - Group policies
lusrmgr.msc - Local users and groups
perfmon.msc - Performance monitor
rsop.msc - Resultant set of policies
secpol.msc - Local security settings
services.msc - Various Services
msconfig - System Configuration Utility
regedit - Registry Editor
msinfo32 _ System Information
sysedit _ System Edit
win.ini _ windows loading information(also system.ini)
winver _ Shows current version of windows
mailto: _ Opens default email client
command _ Opens command prompt


Run Commands to access the control panel:


appwiz.cpl -Add/Remove Programs control
timedate.cpl -Date/Time Properties control
desk.cpl -Display Properties control
findfast.cpl -FindFast control
inetcpl.cpl -Internet Properties control
main.cpl keyboard -Keyboard Properties control
main.cpl -Mouse Properties control
mmsys.cpl -Multimedia Properties control
netcpl.cpl -Network Properties control
password.cpl -Password Properties control
mmsys.cpl sounds -Sound Properties control
sysdm.cpl -System Properties control


Command Prompt:


ANSI.SYS Defines functions that change display graphics, control cursor movement, and reassign keys.
APPEND Causes MS-DOS to look in other directories when editing a file or running a command.
ARP Displays, adds, and removes arp information from network devices.
ASSIGN Assign a drive letter to an alternate letter.
ASSOC View the file associations.
AT Schedule a time to execute commands or programs.
ATMADM Lists connections and addresses seen by Windows ATM call manager.
ATTRIB Display and change file attributes.
BATCH Recovery console command that executes a series of commands in a file.
BOOTCFG Recovery console command that allows a user to view, modify, and rebuild the boot.ini
BREAK Enable / disable CTRL + C feature.
CACLS View and modify file ACL's.
CALL Calls a batch file from another batch file.
CD Changes directories.
CHCP Supplement the International keyboard and character set information.
CHDIR Changes directories.
CHKDSK Check the hard disk drive running FAT for errors.
CHKNTFS Check the hard disk drive running NTFS for errors.
CHOICE Specify a listing of multiple options within a batch file.
CLS Clears the screen.
CMD Opens the command interpreter.
COLOR Easily change the foreground and background color of the MS-DOS window.
COMP Compares files.
COMPACT Compresses and uncompress files.
CONTROL Open control panel icons from the MS-DOS procmpt.
CONVERT Convert FAT to NTFS.
COPY Copy one or more files to an alternate location.
CTTY Change the computers input/output devices.
DATE View or change the systems date.
DEBUG Debug utility to create assembly programs to modify hardware settings.
DEFRAG Re-arrange the hard disk drive to help with loading programs.
DEL Deletes one or more files.
DELETE Recovery console command that deletes a file.
DELTREE Deletes one or more files and/or directories.
DIR List the contents of one or more directory.
DISABLE Recovery console command that disables Windows system services or drivers.
DISKCOMP Compare a disk with another disk.
DISKCOPY Copy the contents of one disk and place them on another disk.
DOSKEY Command to view and execute commands that have been run in the past.
DOSSHELL ŠGUI to help with early MS-DOS users.
DRIVPARM Enables overwrite of original device drivers.
ECHO Displays messages and enables and disables echo.
EDIT View and edit files.
EDLIN View and edit files.
EMM386 Load extended Memory Manager.
ENABLE Recovery console command to enable a disable service or driver.
ENDLOCAL Stops the localization of the environment changes enabled by the setlocal command.
ERASE Erase files from computer.
EXIT Exit from the command interpreter.
EXPAND Expand a M*cros*ft Windows file back to it's original format.
EXTRACT Extract files from the M*cros*ft Windows cabinets.
FASTHELP Displays a listing of MS-DOS commands and information about them.
FC Compare files.
FDISK Utility used to create partitions on the hard disk drive.
FIND Search for text within a file.
FINDSTR Searches for a string of text within a file.
FIXBOOT Writes a new boot sector.
FIXMBR Writes a new boot record to a disk drive.
FOR Boolean used in batch files.
FORMAT Command to erase and prepare a disk drive.
FTP Command to connect and operate on a FTP server.
FTYPE Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations.
GOTO Moves a batch file to a specific label or location.
GRAFTABL Show extended characters in graphics mode.
HELP Display a listing of commands and brief explanation.
IF Allows for batch files to perform conditional processing.
IFSHLP.SYS 32-bit file manager.
IPCONFIG Network command to view network adapter settings and assigned values.
KEYB Change layout of keyboard.
LABEL Change the label of a disk drive.
LH Load a device driver in to high memory.
LISTSVC Recovery console command that displays the services and drivers.
LOADFIX Load a program above the first 64k.
LOADHIGH Load a device driver in to high memory.
LOCK Lock the hard disk drive.
LOGON Recovery console command to list installations and enable administrator login.
MAP Displays the device name of a drive.
MD Command to create a new directory.
MEM Display memory on system.
MKDIR Command to create a new directory.
MODE Modify the port or display settings.
MORE Display one page at a time.
MOVE Move one or more files from one directory to another directory.
MSAV Early M*cros*ft Virus scanner.
MSD Diagnostics utility.
MSCDEX Utility used to load and provide access to the CD-ROM.
NBTSTAT Displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections using NBT
NET Update, fix, or view the network or network settings
NETSH Configure dynamic and static network information from MS-DOS.
NETSTAT Display the TCP/IP network protocol statistics and information.
NLSFUNC Load country specific information.
NSLOOKUP Look up an IP address of a domain or host on a network.
PATH View and modify the computers path location.
PATHPING View and locate locations of network latency.
PAUSE Command used in batch files to stop the processing of a command.
PING Test / send information to another network computer or network device.
POPD Changes to the directory or network path stored by the pushd command.
POWER Conserve power with computer portables.
PRINT Prints data to a printer port.
PROMPT View and change the MS-DOS prompt.
PUSHD Stores a directory or network path in memory so it can be returned to at any time.
QBASIC Open the QBasic.
RD Removes an empty directory.
REN Renames a file or directory.
RENAME Renames a file or directory.
RMDIR Removes an empty directory.
ROUTE View and configure windows network route tables.
RUNAS Enables a user to execute a program on another computer.
SCANDISK Run the scandisk utility.
SCANREG Scan registry and recover registry from errors.
SET Change one variable or string to another.
SETLOCAL Enables local environments to be changed without affecting anything else.
SETVER Change MS-DOS version to trick older MS-DOS programs.
SHARE Installs support for file sharing and locking capabilities.
SHIFT Changes the position of replaceable parameters in a batch program.
SHUTDOWN Shutdown the computer from the MS-DOS prompt.
SMARTDRV Create a disk cache in conventional memory or extended memory.
SORT Sorts the input and displays the output to the screen.
START Start a separate window in Windows from the MS-DOS prompt.
SUBST Substitute a folder on your computer for another drive letter.
SWITCHES Remove add functions from MS-DOS.
SYS Transfer system files to disk drive.
TELNET Telnet to another computer / device from the prompt.
TIME View or modify the system time.
TITLE Change the title of their MS-DOS window.
TRACERT Visually view a network packets route across a network.
TREE View a visual tree of the hard disk drive.
TYPE Display the contents of a file.
UNDELETE Undelete a file that has been deleted.
UNFORMAT Unformat a hard disk drive.
UNLOCK Unlock a disk drive.
VER Display the version information.
VERIFY Enables or disables the feature to determine if files have been written properly.
VOL Displays the volume information about the designated drive.
XCOPY Copy multiple files, directories, and/or drives from one location to another.
TRUENAME When placed before a file, will display the whole directory in which it exists
TASKKILL It allows you to kill those unneeded or locked up applications

Hiding All Icons from the Desktop..............

To hide all icons from your desktop:

• Go to Start Button and open Run then type: regedit
• Click on OK
• Go to HKey_Current_User \ Software\ Microsoft \Windows \ Current Version \ Policies \ Explorer
• Right click on the right panel and add a New / DWORD
• Name it NoDesktop
• Give it a value of 1
• Logoff or Reboot the computer

Now all icons are hidden on the desktop.

Allowing Network Access with Blank Passwords..............

Windows XP Professional or Windows Vista does not allow network users to access the computer without a password.

To change this setting:

• Go to Start Button and open Run then type: gpedit.msc
• Click on OK.
• Go to Computer Configuration / Windows Settings / Security Settings / Local Policies / Security Options
• Double click on Accounts: Limit local account use of blank passwords to console login only
• Disable this option.

Notepad as a Diary.......

Do you want to keep a diary in your PC or Laptop…

You can do this very easily. Do the Following:

• Open Notepad
• Type : .LOG
• Save it with any  say ‘Personal_Diary’
• Open Personal_Diary.txt again

Now, you will be surprised to see today’s date and time. Your diary is ready now !!

Software...........

Software downloads:

1. VLC Media Player0.94      Download                   
2. WinRAR                            Download                   
3. Free Download Manager    Download                   
4. Firefox                               Download                   
5. Nero Lite Version 9.o        Download                   
6. Silverlight                           Downlaod                    
7. Flash Player                       Doownload                  

Automate The Installation Of Windows XP...........

You can create a CD that can install Windows XP automatically, putting in all the details and answering all the dialog boxes.

The secret behind this is the answer file, which tells Windows what to do while it's installing. The answer file can be created using Windows setup manager.

Using this tool, you can make the answer file so powerful that you can even tell Windows to include or exclude individual components, set the display resolution, and more.

Here's the Steps involved in creating XP Automated Installation Disc :

Step 1: To begin with, insert your Windows XP installation CD into the drive and copy the entire contents of the CD to a new folder on your hard disk.

Step 2: Navigate to the Support > Tools folder on the CD and double-click the Deploy.cab file. Copy all the files to a new folder on your hard disk.

Step 3: The crucial part begins now, creating the answer file. To execute the windows setup manager, double click the Setupmgr.exe file from the contents of the Deploy.cab, which you just copied onto the hard drive.

Step 4: The first few steps of the wizard are self explanatory. Select the following options from the successive dialog boxes. Create a new answer file; Windows unattended installation (Select the appropriate Windows version); "Fully automated"; "No this answer file will be used to install from CD"; and finally, accept the license agreement.

Step 5: Under the General Settings, you can customize the installation of Windows by providing the default name and organization, display settings, time zone and the product key. Fill in the fields using the drop-down list or by keying in the details. If you don't select an option from the drop-down list, the default values will be used.

Step 6: After you are done click Finish and save the answer file as "winnt.sif" when you are prompted. Advanced users can further tweak the answer file by referring to the Help file called Ref.chm in the same folder.

Step 7: Finally copy the answer file to i386 folder in the Windows XP installation folder you created in the beginning.

Step 8: To burn a bootable installation disc, you need the boot sector of the Windows XP CD. Download it from here bootfiles.zip

Step 9: Launch Nero and select CD-ROM (Boot) from the New Compilation dialog box. Under the Boot tab, specify the boot sector file you downloaded and extracted. Set the emulation as "No emulation", and keep the boot message blank. Most importantly, remember to set the "Number of loaded sectors" as 4.

Step 10: Under the Burn tab, set the write method to disc at-once. Click the New button to to begin adding files and folders to the compilation. Drag all the contents of the Windows XP installation disc that you copied to your hard drive (with the answer file in the i386 folder) into the left pane. Insert a blank CD into the optical drive and hit burn button. Your windows automated installation Disc is ready! :)

How to update Win XP Offline ???

Here are the quick steps..
 
1. Download ctupdate Version 4.1 of  from Heise's website.
2. Create a new folder and unzip the downloaded zip file ctupdate41.zip to that folder.
3. Double click the file " UpdateGenerator.exe " from the extracted files, in the options menu choose " Windows XP ", check " English " , check on " Create iso " for creating iso image of updates which you can burn on a cd. Now click start, this initiates the download of all required XP patches directly from Microsoft's servers.
4. When the script announces, "Download image creation successful," close the c't updater windows .
5. Now navigate to  ..\ctupdate4\iso folder and burn the iso image created to a blank cd using nero or any other iso burning software.
6. For Windows XP in English, that file is named " wsusoffline-wxp-enu.iso "
7. Insert the new autorun CD into the drive of the computer to be updated, click "Start" on the c't update pop-up menu, and go out somewhere while script does all the heavy job.
8. Every month, go through this process again, starting with Step 3, to update your system to latest updates. Now only new patches are downloaded, so downloads after the first one go much quicker.
This script driven offline windows update method is very convenient for new windows installations, routine updates and the library it creates is also a valuable data against that awful day when Microsoft abandons support of XP in favor of a sexy new OS Windows Vista.

I have never had a problem with the c't update and I hope this little  explanation of offline update is helpful.